模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業生(sheng)產上用(yong)以(yi)注塑(su)、吹(chui)塑(su)、擠出、壓(ya)鑄(zhu)或(huo)鍛(duan)(duan)壓(ya)成型、冶煉、沖壓(ya)等(deng)方法(fa)得到(dao)所需產品的(de)(de)各種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)子和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。簡而言之，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)來制(zhi)作(zuo)成型物品的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，這種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由各種(zhong)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)構(gou)成，不同(tong)的(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由不同(tong)的(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)構(gou)成。它(ta)主要(yao)通過所成型材(cai)料(liao)物理(li)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態的(de)(de)改變來實(shi)現物品外(wai)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)。素有(you)(you)(you)“工(gong)(gong)(gong)業之母(mu)”的(de)(de)稱號。在外(wai)力(li)作(zuo)用(yong)下使坯(pi)料(liao)成為有(you)(you)(you)特定形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)和(he)尺寸的(de)(de)制(zhi)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。廣泛用(yong)于沖裁、模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)、冷(leng)鐓(dui)、擠壓(ya)、粉末冶金件(jian)(jian)壓(ya)制(zhi)、壓(ya)力(li)鑄(zhu)造(zao)，以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)程塑(su)料(liao)、橡膠、陶瓷等(deng)制(zhi)品的(de)(de)壓(ya)塑(su)或(huo)注塑(su)的(de)(de)成形(xing)(xing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)特定的(de)(de)輪(lun)廓(kuo)或(huo)內腔形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，應(ying)用(yong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)刃(ren)口的(de)(de)輪(lun)廓(kuo)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)可以(yi)使坯(pi)料(liao)按輪(lun)廓(kuo)線形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)發生(sheng)分(fen)(fen)離（沖裁）。應(ying)用(yong)內腔形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)可使坯(pi)料(liao)獲得相應(ying)的(de)(de)立體(ti)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)一般(ban)包括動模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)定模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)（或(huo)凸模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)凹模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)）兩個部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，二者可分(fen)(fen)可合。分(fen)(fen)開時取出制(zhi)件(jian)(jian)，合攏時使坯(pi)料(liao)注入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)型腔成形(xing)(xing)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復雜，承受坯(pi)料(liao)的(de)(de)脹力(li)，對結構(gou)強度、剛(gang)度、表面(mian)硬度、表面(mian)粗糙度和(he)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)較高要(yao)求(qiu)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)發展(zhan)水(shui)平(ping)是(shi)(shi)機(ji)械制(zhi)造(zao)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)重要(yao)標志(zhi)之一。

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