模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)是工(gong)(gong)業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)上用以(yi)注塑(su)、吹塑(su)、擠出(chu)、壓(ya)鑄或(huo)(huo)鍛(duan)(duan)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)、冶煉、沖壓(ya)等(deng)方法得到(dao)所(suo)需產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)各種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)子和工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)。簡(jian)而言之，模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)是用來(lai)制作成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)物品(pin)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)，這種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)由(you)各種(zhong)零件(jian)構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，不同(tong)的(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)由(you)不同(tong)的(de)(de)零件(jian)構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它主(zhu)要(yao)通過所(suo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)材料物理狀(zhuang)態的(de)(de)改變來(lai)實現(xian)物品(pin)外形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)。素有(you)“工(gong)(gong)業(ye)之母(mu)”的(de)(de)稱號。在外力(li)作用下使坯(pi)(pi)料成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為有(you)特(te)定形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)和尺寸的(de)(de)制件(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)。廣泛用于沖裁、模(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)(duan)、冷(leng)鐓、擠壓(ya)、粉末冶金件(jian)壓(ya)制、壓(ya)力(li)鑄造(zao)，以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)程塑(su)料、橡膠、陶(tao)瓷(ci)等(deng)制品(pin)的(de)(de)壓(ya)塑(su)或(huo)(huo)注塑(su)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)加工(gong)(gong)中。模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)具(ju)(ju)有(you)特(te)定的(de)(de)輪廓或(huo)(huo)內腔(qiang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，應(ying)用具(ju)(ju)有(you)刃(ren)口的(de)(de)輪廓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)可(ke)以(yi)使坯(pi)(pi)料按(an)輪廓線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)發生(sheng)分(fen)離（沖裁）。應(ying)用內腔(qiang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)可(ke)使坯(pi)(pi)料獲得相應(ying)的(de)(de)立體形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)。模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)一般(ban)包括動模(mo)(mo)和定模(mo)(mo)（或(huo)(huo)凸(tu)模(mo)(mo)和凹模(mo)(mo)）兩個部分(fen)，二者(zhe)可(ke)分(fen)可(ke)合。分(fen)開時取出(chu)制件(jian)，合攏時使坯(pi)(pi)料注入模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)型(xing)腔(qiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)是工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)復(fu)雜，承(cheng)受坯(pi)(pi)料的(de)(de)脹(zhang)力(li)，對結構強度、剛度、表(biao)面硬度、表(biao)面粗(cu)糙度和加工(gong)(gong)精度都有(you)較高要(yao)求(qiu)，模(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)發展(zhan)水平(ping)是機(ji)械制造(zao)水平(ping)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)標(biao)志之一。

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