模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業生(sheng)(sheng)產上用以注塑、吹塑、擠出(chu)、壓(ya)鑄或(huo)(huo)(huo)鍛(duan)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型、冶(ye)煉(lian)、沖壓(ya)等方法得(de)到所需產品的(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)子和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。簡而言(yan)之(zhi)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)用來(lai)制(zhi)作成(cheng)(cheng)型物品的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，這種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由各種(zhong)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)構成(cheng)(cheng)，不同的(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由不同的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)構成(cheng)(cheng)。它(ta)主要通過所成(cheng)(cheng)型材(cai)料物理狀態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)改變來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)物品外形(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。素有(you)(you)“工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業之(zhi)母”的(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)號。在外力作用下使坯(pi)(pi)(pi)料成(cheng)(cheng)為有(you)(you)特定形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀和尺寸的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。廣(guang)泛用于沖裁、模(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)、冷鐓(dui)、擠壓(ya)、粉末冶(ye)金件(jian)(jian)壓(ya)制(zhi)、壓(ya)力鑄造，以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)塑料、橡膠、陶瓷等制(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)塑或(huo)(huo)(huo)注塑的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)特定的(de)(de)(de)輪廓(kuo)或(huo)(huo)(huo)內腔(qiang)(qiang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀，應(ying)(ying)用具(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)刃(ren)口的(de)(de)(de)輪廓(kuo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀可以使坯(pi)(pi)(pi)料按輪廓(kuo)線(xian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀發生(sheng)(sheng)分離(li)（沖裁）。應(ying)(ying)用內腔(qiang)(qiang)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀可使坯(pi)(pi)(pi)料獲得(de)相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)立體形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀。模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)般包括(kuo)動模(mo)(mo)(mo)和定模(mo)(mo)(mo)（或(huo)(huo)(huo)凸(tu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)和凹模(mo)(mo)(mo)）兩(liang)個部分，二者可分可合。分開時取(qu)出(chu)制(zhi)件(jian)(jian)，合攏時使坯(pi)(pi)(pi)料注入(ru)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)型腔(qiang)(qiang)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀復(fu)雜，承受坯(pi)(pi)(pi)料的(de)(de)(de)脹力，對結構強度、剛度、表(biao)面(mian)硬度、表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙度和加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度都有(you)(you)較高要求，模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)水平是(shi)機械(xie)制(zhi)造水平的(de)(de)(de)重要標志之(zhi)一(yi)。

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