模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)生產上用以(yi)注(zhu)塑(su)、吹塑(su)、擠出、壓鑄(zhu)或(huo)鍛(duan)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)、冶(ye)煉、沖(chong)壓等(deng)方法得(de)到所需產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)各種模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)子和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。簡而言(yan)之(zhi)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是用來(lai)制(zhi)(zhi)作成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)物品的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，這種工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由(you)各種零件構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)由(you)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)零件構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它主要通過所成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)材料(liao)物理狀(zhuang)態的(de)(de)(de)(de)改變來(lai)實(shi)現物品外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。素有“工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)之(zhi)母”的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱號(hao)。在外(wai)力作用下(xia)使(shi)(shi)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為有特定形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)和(he)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)。廣泛用于沖(chong)裁(cai)、模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)鍛(duan)、冷鐓(dui)、擠壓、粉末冶(ye)金件壓制(zhi)(zhi)、壓力鑄(zhu)造，以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)程塑(su)料(liao)、橡膠、陶(tao)瓷等(deng)制(zhi)(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓塑(su)或(huo)注(zhu)塑(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)具(ju)(ju)(ju)有特定的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓或(huo)內腔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，應(ying)(ying)用具(ju)(ju)(ju)有刃口的(de)(de)(de)(de)輪廓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)使(shi)(shi)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)按輪廓線形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)發(fa)(fa)生分(fen)離（沖(chong)裁(cai)）。應(ying)(ying)用內腔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)獲得(de)相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)立體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)一般包括動(dong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)定模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)（或(huo)凸模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)凹模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)）兩(liang)個部分(fen)，二者可(ke)(ke)分(fen)可(ke)(ke)合。分(fen)開(kai)時(shi)取出制(zhi)(zhi)件，合攏時(shi)使(shi)(shi)坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)注(zhu)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)型(xing)腔成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)是工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)，形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)復(fu)雜，承(cheng)受坯(pi)(pi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)脹(zhang)力，對結構強度(du)(du)、剛度(du)(du)、表(biao)面硬(ying)度(du)(du)、表(biao)面粗糙度(du)(du)和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)(du)都有較高(gao)要求，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展水平(ping)是機械制(zhi)(zhi)造水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要標(biao)志之(zhi)一。

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